Activity 1
 

Abenakis  The Abenaki Indians have been native New Englanders for thousands of years but are still looking for recognition from their neighbors. Alabamas The Native Americans who gave their name to the state of Alabama, the Alabamas have merged politically with their allies the Coushattas. Algonquins Often confused with other American Tribe  known as "Algonquians," the Algonquins live in the modern Ontario/Quebec area of Canada. Apaches Relatives of the Navajos, the Apache Tribe is best known for their fierce military resistance against the Mexicans and Americans, under the leadership of warriors like Geronimo and Cochise. Arapahos The Arapaho tribe was originally farming people, but once horses were introduced to the Americas, they began to follow the buffalo herds like the Cheyenne and Sioux. Arikaras Devastated by epidemics, the Arikara tribe has merged with their neighbors the Mandans and Hidatsas. Assiniboines Relatives of the Sioux tribes, the Assiniboines were known as big game hunters and expert traders. Atikameks The Atikamekw are a small, traditional Native American tribe that still speaks their native language and lives off the land. Beothuks  The Beothuks were the original inhabitants of Newfoundland, Canada. Tragically, they died out in the 1800s. Blackfoot Four tribes make up this powerful Plains Indian nation: the Blackfoot (Blackfeet) in Montana and the Siksika, Piikani and Kainai in Canada. Caddos  Native Americans of Texas and the Southern Plains, the Caddo Indians were farming people known for their pottery art. Calusas Although the Calusa of southern Florida were not agricultural people, they built technologically advanced cities with windbreaks, seawalls, piers and canal systems. Catawbas The Catawba were one of the few southeastern tribes not deported to Oklahoma, and they have preserved their native pottery-making traditions among other customs. Cayugas Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Cayuga tribe are Native Americans of upstate New York. Cherokees Original people of the American Southeast, most Cherokees were forcibly deported to Oklahoma along the infamous Trail of Tears. Cheyennes Plains Indians who depended on the buffalo for survival, the Cheyennes have survived several American massacres. Chickasaws The Chickasaws were one of several Southeast Indian tribes forced to move to Oklahoma along the Trail of Tears. Chippewas Also known as the Ojibway, Ojibwe, or Ojibwe, the Chippewa tribe are one of the largest and most powerful nations. Choctaws Despite losing their homes in the infamous Trail of Tears, the Choctaw Indians gave what they had to help Irish famine victims in the 1800s, and are still admired by Irish people today. Comanches Kinfolk of the Shoshone, the Comanche split off from the Shoshones long ago and migrated to the Southern Plains. Coushattas Also known as the Koasatis, the Coushattas have merged politically with their allies the Alabamas. Creeks Also known as the Muskogees, the Creeks were one of the most important tribes of the American southeast, but most of them were forced to relocate to Oklahoma in the 1800s. Crees The Cree are one of the largest native groups in North America and have had a major impact on Canadian history. Crows The Crow are a northern Plains tribe, famous for their expert horsemanship and especially long hair. Gros Ventres  The Gros Ventre were kinfolk of the Arapaho, and called themselves A'aninin, the White Clay People. Hidatsas  Devastated by epidemics, the Hidatsa tribe has merged with their neighbors the Mandans and Arikaras.

Hochunks/Winnebagos Unlike other Siouan tribes, the Hochunks never gave up their farming villages in favor of a migratory life. Hurons/Wyandots The Wyandots, who lived on both sides of the modern U.S.-Canadian border, were an important trading tribe. Illini  The state of Illinois was named after the Illini Tribe, who were nearly wiped out by war in the 1700s. Innus The Montagnais and Naskapi have different tribal names but consider themselves part of the same culture, Innu. Ioways Together with their cousins the Otoe and Missouri Native Americans, the Ioways are from the Great Plains, who once hunted the great buffalo herds. Iroquois The powerful Iroquois Confederacy was known for their war prowess, but also for their government, which was one of the examples of representative democracy used as a model by America's founding fathers. Kansas (Kaws)  The Kansa people are the tribe after whom the state of Kansas was named. Kickapoos Fiercely independent, many Kickapoo people fled all the way to Mexico rather than surrender to the Americans. Kiowas Plains Indian people, the Kiowa migrated frequently to follow the buffalo herds they depended on. Lakota and Dakota Sioux  The Sioux, who call themselves "Lakota" or "Dakota," are one of the largest and best known Native American tribes of the Great Plains. Lenni Lenape The Lenape or Delawares are considered by many tribes to be the oldest Algonquian tribe. Lumbees The Lumbees are the descendants of the Carolina Indians who helped the Roanoake Colony. Maliseets  The Maliseet people are original residents of the Canadian Maritimes. They are renowned for their beadwork and artistry. Mandans The Mandans were primarily farming people, but like other Plains tribes, followed the buffalo herds on seasonal hunts. Menominees Original people of Wisconsin, the Menominee tribe is named after their staple food, wild rice. Miamis The Miami Indians lived not in Florida, but in the Midwest: Indiana, Illinois and Ohio. Miccosukees One of the tribes that made up the powerful Seminole alliance, the Miccosukees were original people of southern Georgia and northern Florida, but retreated into the everglades when the Americans attacked them. Micmacs The Micmac (or Mi'kmaq) people still live in their original homeland in Nova Scotia today, where they are fighting for the right to fish and hunt as their ancestors used to. Missouris Together with their cousins the Ioway and Otoe Native Americans, the Missouria are Plains Indians who once hunted the great buffalo herds. Mohawks Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Mohawk tribe are Native Americans of upstate New York. Mohegans Frequently confused with the Mohicans due to a poorly researched literary classic, the Mohegan people consist of many originally independent tribes including the Pequots and Montauks. Mohicans Frequently confused with the Mohegans due to a poorly researched literary classic, the Mohican tribe was not driven to extinction, merely exiled to Wisconsin. Munsee The Munsee people were original inhabitants of Long Island and New York State, but were driven to Wisconsin and Ontario by colonial expansion. Nanticokes  The Nanticoke people were known for their sympathy to escaped slaves, many of whom they sheltered. Nez Perce The Nez Perce were originally a fishing culture, but once they acquired horses, they began following the buffalo herds. Omahas  The Omahas are Plains people of the prairie, who once relied on the buffalo herds for food.

Oneidas Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Oneida tribe are Native Americans of upstate New York. Onondagas Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Onondaga are Native American Indians of upstate New York. Osage The Osage of the prairie, known for their intricate tribal tattoos (which only distinguished warriors and their female relatives could wear). Otoes Together with their cousins the Ioway and Missouri Native Americans, the Otoe were from the Great Plains who once hunted the great buffalo herds. Ottawas The native nation Canada's capital city was named for, the Ottawas are kinfolk of the Ojibways. Passamaquoddies  The Passamaquoddy people are original residents of Maine, where they still live today. Pawnees The Pawnee people were known as scouts and allies of the Americans. Penobscot The Penobscot people are original residents of Maine, where they still live today. Poncas The Poncas are Plains people of the prairie, who once relied on the buffalo herds for food. Potawatomi The Potawatomi were traditionally the fire-keepers in the powerful Three Fires alliance of Indians. Powhatans The Powhatan Confederacy is most famous for being the tribe of the real Pocahontas, but they were also a powerful empire controlling most of Virginia. Quapaw  The Quapaw  tribe was better-known to white Americans as the Akansea, and that's where the name of the state Arkansas came from. Sac and Fox  These two American tribes allied in the 1700s, when the Sac protected their kinfolk the Fox from a French attempt to wipe them out. Many still live together today. Seminoles The Seminole Nation was originally a confederation of several different southeastern tribes, and were also influenced by the many escaped African slaves who joined them for protection. Today the Seminoles are a united tribe. Senecas Members of the powerful Iroquois Confederacy, the Seneca are Native American Indians of upstate New York. Shawnees The nomadic Shawnee tribe had settlements from New York State to Georgia, but were rejoined into one tribe when the U.S. government deported them to Oklahoma together. Shoshonis The Shoshone tribe ranged across a vast territory in the west, and different bands had different traditional lifestyles. Tonkawas  The Tonkawa were originally Native Americans of Texas, but were forced to move to Oklahoma along with many other Texas Indians. Tuscaroras Originally from the American Southeast, the Tuscaroras moved north after the British took over to join the powerful Iroquois Confederacy. Utes  The Ute people are Native Americans of the Great Basin area between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada. Wabanakis  The Wabanaki Confederacy was a powerful alliance of east-coast American Indians. Wampanoag The Native Americans who shared in the first Thanksgiving feast, the Wampanoag tribe met a sad fate at the hands of the English. Wichitas The Wichita were originally Native Americans of Texas, but were forced to move to Oklahoma along with many other Texas Indians. Wiyots The Wiyots are northern California, who were tragically massacred during the Gold Rush era. Only a few Wiyot descendants remain today, merged with Yurok and Hupa neighbors. Yuchis  Though the US government considers the Yuchi people part of the Creek tribe, they have always been politically independent of the Creeks and have a unique culture all their own. Yuroks Kinfolk of the Wiyot, the two peoples have nearly merged after ethnic violence against them in the 1800s

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